Many instructions often used in machining centers are the same as those for CNC machine tools. The following only describes some instructions that reflect the characteristics of the machining center:
1. Stop calibration command G09 accurately
Instruction format: G09;
The tool decelerates and precisely positions before reaching the end point before continuing to the next block, which can be used for parts with sharp edges and corners.
2. Tool offset setting command G10
Instruction format: G10P_R_;
P: instruction offset number; R: offset
The tool offset can be set by program settings.
3. Unidirectional positioning instructions G60
Instruction format: G60 X_Y_Z_;
X, Y, Z are the coordinates of the end point that need to be accurately positioned.
For hole machining requiring precise positioning, this command can be used to enable the machine to be positioned in a single direction to eliminate machining errors caused by backlash, and the positioning direction and overshoot amount are set by parameters.
4. Precise stop check mode instruction G61
Instruction format: G61;
This instruction is a modal instruction. In G61 mode, each segment of the program contains a G09 instruction.
5. Continuous cutting mode command G64
Instruction format: G64;
This command is a modal command, which is also the default state of the machine. The tool will continue to execute the next block without decelerating after reaching the end of the command. It does not affect the positioning or verification in G00, G60, and G09. When G61 is canceled Use G64.
6. Automatic return to reference point commands G27, G28, G29
(1) Return to reference point check command G27
Instruction format: G27;
X, Y, Z are the coordinate values ​​of the reference point in the workpiece coordinate system, which can verify whether the tool can be positioned on the reference point.
Under this instruction, the commanded axis will return to the reference point with rapid movement, and will automatically decelerate and perform positioning test at the specified coordinate value. If the reference point is located, the reference point signal of this axis will be on; if not, the program will check again. .
(2) Automatic return to reference point instruction G28
Instruction format: G28 X_Y_Z_ ;
X, Y, Z are the coordinates of the intermediate point, which can be set arbitrarily. The machine first moves to this point and then back to the reference point.
The middle point is set to prevent motion interference with the workpiece or jig when the tool returns to the reference point.
Example: N1 G90 X100.0 Y200.0 Z300.0
N2 G28 X400.0 Y500.0; (the intermediate point is 400.0, 500.0)
N3 G28 Z600.0; (the intermediate point is 400.0, 500.0, 600.0)
(3) Return to G29 automatically from the reference point
Instruction format: G29 X_Y_Z_;
X, Y, Z are the return end coordinates
During the return process, the tool moves from any position to the intermediate point determined by G28, and then moves to the end point. G28 and G29 are generally used in pairs, and G28 and G00 can also be used in pairs.
Example: As shown in the figure below, after machining, the tool has been positioned to A (100,170) points, B (200,270) points to the middle point, and C (500,100) points to the points that should be reached when G29 is executed. The procedure is as follows:
G91 G28 X100. 0 Y100.0;
M06;
G29 X300.0 Y-170.0;
Figure G28 and G29 Applications
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