1. Fertility Requirements: Chinese cabbage has a long growth cycle and high yield potential, requiring a significant amount of nutrients throughout its development. Among the essential nutrients, potassium is absorbed in the highest quantity, followed by nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium. The nutrient uptake pattern shows that during the seedling stage, the plant takes up relatively fewer nutrients, but this increases significantly during the rosette stage. In the heading stage, nutrient absorption remains high to support the formation of compact heads. Sufficient nitrogen is crucial for promoting the development of thick, green leaves and enhancing photosynthetic efficiency. If phosphorus and potassium are lacking in the later stages, it can lead to poor head formation and lower yields.

2. Fertilization Technology: For medium fertility soils, the total fertilizer application per mu (approximately 667 square meters) should be around 2000–2500 kg of organic manure or 300–350 kg of commercial organic fertilizer. The recommended amounts of chemical fertilizers include 13–16 kg of nitrogen, 5–8 kg of phosphate, and 10–12 kg of potash. Nitrogen and potash are typically applied as both base and top-dress fertilizers, while phosphate is used entirely as a base fertilizer. Organic manure or commercial organic fertilizer should also be incorporated into the soil before planting.

Base Fertilizer: Apply 2000–2500 kg of farmyard manure or 300–350 kg of commercial organic fertilizer. Additionally, add 4–5 kg of urea, 11–17 kg of diammonium phosphate, 6–7 kg of potassium sulfate, and 20 kg of calcium nitrate to ensure balanced nutrition from the start.

Top-Dressing: During the rosette stage, apply 10–12 kg of urea and 7–9 kg of potassium sulfate. In the early heading stage, another round of 10–12 kg of urea and 7–9 kg of potassium sulfate should be applied to support rapid growth and head formation.

Foliar Fertilization: During the growing season, spraying a 0.3% calcium chloride solution or a 0.25–0.5% calcium nitrate solution can help reduce the occurrence of dry heart burn. At the beginning of head formation, applying a 0.5–1.0% urea solution or a 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can improve the quality and market value of the Chinese cabbage.

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